good laptop battery

New energy cars should be the mass market

Following last year's new energy policy of the pilot implementation of bus subsidies, Laptop Battery this year for the private purchase of new energy vehicles in the subsidy policy will become a reality. In this favorable situation, March 29, BYD launched F3DM low carbon version of dual-mode electric vehicle, and can be sold for personal. As the boss of new energy vehicles, BYD quickly hold on time.

For the year up to 1000 sales

Q: The low carbon version listed F3DM personal selling, does the individual through what channels can buy this car, which will link to receive subsidies?

A: F3DM low carbon version of net sales by BYD A1, on the 29th day after the night we will start listing a network of distributors, Shenzhen, A1 distribution in place and the consumer will be able to purchase the network from BYD to this A1 models. But now to buy this car is no government subsidies, that BYD will also make it clear to dealers and consumers. VGP-BPL2 Subsidies and other policy matters must be clear, the current individual purchase of new energy vehicles although no specific data and documents introduced subsidies, but we think the time away from the policies introduced have been getting closer.

Q: F3DM low carbon version of this listing is only for the Shenzhen market, where the city will realize the next sale, according to Beijing BYD distributor said in Beijing this year, consumers can buy this car?

A: Earlier this year, relevant ministries have been reported to the state in 5 cities nationwide pilot energy for individual consumers to buy new cars subsidy program, F3DM will consider in the five pilot cities on sale. The only market in Shenzhen, Shenzhen, the use of electric vehicles has greatly improved the environment, part of the Plaza in charge pile, including China Southern Power Grid Universiade venues in the vicinity of the charging station and charge two piles.

Shenzhen Municipal Government PCGA-BP71 on the purchase of low-carbon version F3DM be subsidized, Shenzhen ultimately selected as a national pilot cities will also be subsidized. Several other pilot cities will be based on local circumstances timely introduction of new energy policies listed.

Q: BYD start of new energy vehicles for individual sale, it may also bring an upgrade to the sales volume for new energy vehicles you have any sales planned this year?

A: This year we plan new energy vehicles sold 1,000 vehicles, including the listing before the listing F3DM F3DM and low-carbon version of E6 electric vehicles will also be listed this year, first in North America, then the domestic market. This 1000 sales include the sales of group sales and individual consumers.

Commercialization as soon as possible

Question: F3DM low carbon version for consumers to sell, to say that we have embarked on the commercialization of new energy vehicles it?

A: We want to do after the Shenzhen market, can rapidly achieve the commercialization of F3DM models.PCGA-BP4V I think that with strong government support and enterprises to achieve commercially viable, and I think that Chinese people can enter the large-scale commercial areas, the Chinese wisdom to make the cost down.

Question: BYD future position on how the new energy vehicles, high or low?

A: We are working hard BYD brand, new energy cars are high-end brands, I think the brand is at least the public should not be like the present to become a market niche, PCGA-BP2V we hope that made a popular new energy vehicle market.

Sharp green line silicon thin film solar cell factory production Sakai

Sharp announced in Sakai City, Osaka, Japan "green line Sakai," Construction of the solar cell factory in full production, VGP-BPS10 the main products are thin film silicon solar cells.

Sharp "green line Sakai," the solar cell factory

Sharp of the solar cell factory and its 10th-generation LCD line, built adjacent to the use of specifications for the large size 1000mm × 1400mm glass substrate thin film silicon solar cell production. Thin film silicon solar cells on glass substrates using silicon-generated film production process, able to reduce the use of silicon to crystalline silicon solar cells of 1 percent.

It is reported that, VGP-BPS9 solar energy production in the first stage of television factory production capacity of 160MW / year, as the production of thin film silicon solar cell is relatively simple project, so more cost-competitive products, suitable for large-scale solar power generation as the center of the Production and Construction energy supply.

Mobile phone battery market has always been a's crowded world, back in recent years, the development process of mobile phone batteries, we see a pattern - no vendors to stand out, dominate the dead, both foreign Sanyo (Sanyo), Matsushita ( Panasonic) or local BYD, Lai Moritaka, Scud, are sitting on their country, they can not form a unified trend. The reason lies in this highly competitive market, while traditional phone batteries nor the technological breakthroughs and innovations in recent years, mobile phone battery manufacturers, multi-brand operation only way, VGP-BPS8 as many as possible take the market.

Technology R & D determines the market position, the current high-capacity mobile phone battery solutions is the most competitive in this market, the hot, as the business phone batteries, music cell phone batteries, mobile phone battery mushrooming growth of the game, these are high-capacity mobile phone accessories under the battery. Although for people with a certain difference, but we can sum up the current high-capacity mobile phone battery and some basic features:

(1) high capacity mobile phone battery to extend the battery life of ordinary mobile phones

(2) high-capacity mobile phone battery with a more stable and safe performance

(3) high-capacity mobile phone VGP-BPS5 battery in the price is higher than the average cell phone battery.

Follow the trend of those from the Navigator into, just a technical part. The face of the revolutionary cell phone batteries, and many manufacturers have showed the unique skills, which the traditional tedious phone batteries into a powerful energy, understand their respective strengths will help sort out the future development of mobile phone battery context, of course, for "technical control" VGP-BPS3 are still worth pondering.

Thermal Safety of Research Methods

2.1 The object of study

In this paper, MGL production 100Ah as the research object, the battery appearance, parameters shown in Figure 1: Laptop Battery

Figure 1 100Ah lithium-ion battery monomer and diagram

2.2 Research Methods

Health and thermal characteristics of single cells during the study, using thermal imaging, the calculation method of combining.

In the battery charging and discharging process, the battery fixed to the steel on the surface of the battery is almost completely exposed to the air, in a state of natural convection cooling. The battery positive and negative with the test bed of the channel is connected as shown in Figure 2. Before the experiment at room temperature control (23 ± 2) ℃, the battery place a long time to balance with the ambient temperature.

Among them, thermal imaging results showed that the different colors show the temperature changes. On the course of the experiment the surface temperature of the PA3384U-1BRS battery shown in the figure to take the 10 regions, respectively AR1, AR2, AR3, AR4, AR5, AR6, AR7, AR8, AR9, AR10 mark.

Figure 2 experimental test battery heat map

(1-1)

Which IL for the working current; UL for the working voltage; E0 balance the EMF of the battery, when used in the calculation of the open circuit voltage Uoc approximate; T for the battery temperature; dE0/dT balance the EMF of the battery temperature coefficient; VB of the battery size. Type (1-1) the right of the first IL (E0-UL) / VB descriptions due to battery internal resistance, and other irreversible effects caused by heat, the second is due to the electrochemical reaction inside the battery caused by heat.

Conducting battery safety test (short-circuit, hot boxes, acupuncture), the use of a self-designed measuring equipment, mainly including industrial computer, data acquisition cards, temperature sensors, voltage sensors and current sensors, as shown in Figure 3. PA3383U-1BRS

 

Figure 3 battery safety test measurement system

3 results

3.1 The heat capacity of single cells

Thermal imaging device to test the battery in the 200A and 100A current, discharge current, charging the surface temperature conditions, as shown in Figure 4,5.

Figure 4 200A discharge temperature changes during the calibration points

Figure 5 100A charging process the standard fixed-point temperature

As can be seen from the figure, the battery discharge process, the cathode temperature at a very ear the fastest, most ear at times negative, PA3107U-1BRS indicating the battery during discharge at a very ear may be the source of heat throughout the cell, especially in the large discharge current circumstances, the most ear at a large number of heat generated by the internal battery will be delivered to induce a chain of exothermic reaction took place inside, causing the battery to heat failure; while in the process of charging, positive and negative at a very ear temperature relative to other regions lower, due to the battery charging process itself is an endothermic process, so under reasonable circumstances the operation will not be due to a large number of heat production caused by security incidents.

According to equation (1-1) to calculate heat rate of the battery as shown in Figure 6,7:

Figure 6 200A discharge process heat rate of change in

Figure 7 100A heat rate of change in the charging process

Figure 9 is the process of the PA2487U battery short-circuit the battery voltage and current curves of the test results map. As can be seen from the figure, the battery after a short

Throughout the process, the temperature change in point 1 ~ 5 shown in Figure 10, can be seen from the figure, in the short time (a current exists), collection points, 3,4 to create a different trend of temperature changes, while the 1,2, 5 collection points are basically the same trend of temperature changes. This change is mainly due to rise in the battery design aspects of MGL has been improved, and effective to prevent the passage of high current caused by the phenomenon of thermal failure. The short-circuit the process, the battery without any change in appearance, the battery is not burning, no explosion, in line with safety standards.

Figure 9 Short-circuit test data records

Figure 10 Short-circuit the process of collection points, the temperature variation

3.3 battery hot-box test

Figure 11 for the battery hot-box test (150 ℃ / 30min) connection, and temperature location of collection points, the layout plan. Figure 12 for the battery



Toshiba Laptop Battery hot-box process of the battery voltage, temperature test curve.

Figure 11 to connect the battery hot-box test plans and data collection points

Figure 12 hot-box test data records

As can be seen from Figure 12, the battery in the hot-box process, the voltage is only in the hot-box end of the stages of mutation, the other phase voltages are broadly unchanged. The temperature, the trends in the various collection points, the same, the maximum temperature reaches 137 ℃.



Figure 12 shows the battery in hot-box only appears after the inflatable phenomenon, no fire, no explosion, consistent with national safety standards.

3.4 Battery prick tests

Figure 13 prick tests for the battery connections and temperature location of collection points, the layout plan. Figure 14 for the acupuncture process of the PCG-Z505 battery voltage, temperature test curve.

 

Figure 13 to connect the battery prick tests and data collection points, Figure

 

Figure 14 test data records of acupuncture

From the figure can be seen in the acupuncture process, the battery voltage appears to lower the rate increases in the trend, while the collection point temperature gradually increased, the maximum temperature of 40 ℃, the battery in the entire process did not fire, no explosion, consistent with national security standard.

4 Summary and Outlook

Battery safety problems caused by many reasons,PCG-V505 including abuse (overcharge, over-discharge, etc.), the unreasonable use of a number of factors. In ensuring a reasonable operating conditions the battery, through the right battery materials, process improvements to improve the thermal safety of the battery is an important one of the ways. This article is optimized battery technology had improved to quantify the thermal safety analysis, to the objective characterization of the battery heat, security features, for further enhancements to better meet the thermal safety of the battery to provide better ideas.

Battery thermal safety improvement is the battery in a constant process of development topics, along with technological development, advances in simulation technology, the integrated use of experimental, simulation assessment tool is an inevitable choice, not only from the perspective of cost savings, more information feedback from the speed point of view the results of PCG-R505 comprehensive consideration.

Spinel cathode materials for lithium battery powered thermal safety study

Abstract: This paper describes the current lithium-ion battery thermal safety of the status quo, PA3098U-1BRS with an emphasis on the spinel cathode materials for lithium batteries power of Thermal Safety conducted a macroscopic study. Through the use of infrared thermal imaging device on the battery charging and discharging process of the surface of heat carried out a quantitative research; with hot equipment, safety testing devices, test methods tested in thermal power battery boxes, short circuit, the temperature of the process of acupuncture , voltage trends, ultimate proof that the object of study in thermal safety is reliable and stable, but also for further optimization of the quantitative basis.

Air pollution and PA3331U-1BRS environmental pressures increase makes it highly concerned about the development of energy-efficient energy sources, governments have also introduced measures to promote the development of related industries and policies. In the energy saving, electric cars because of the pollution-free, low noise, low-power, and other areas which have been the people, the Government's strong support. In electric vehicles, power batteries as one of the key technologies and become a barometer of the development of electric vehicles. Industrial development in the power battery on the road, people not only concerned about the battery electrochemical performance improvements, but more concerned about the safety performance and reliable. With 50 cars loaded with lithium manganese lithium-ion battery powered buses in the Olympic outstanding performance during the Olympic Games, people spinel cathode materials for lithium batteries power the extensive application of full of hope and expectations. At the same time, CITIC Guoan Mengguli Inc. (MGL) has never ceased in the security aspects of the work performance through a variety of methods,PA3166U-1BRS the process improvement to improve the thermal safety of the battery, thus ensuring the safety of the battery performance test for 5 was adopted in the North car of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Test Institute (201) test.

1 Research

Affect the safety of the battery hot key factor is positive, the negative electrode material, electrolyte type, diaphragm, and the cell structure design. Jin Huifen [1] and others use ARC (Accelerating Rate Calorimeter) study of the commercial LiCoO2 / graphite system, the thermal stability of properties, results showed that: Negative heat start at 60 ℃, 110 ℃ positive start in the heat and eventually with the the battery internal pressure increases, PA3191U-1BRS resulting in thermal runaway; TANG Zhi-Yuan [2] and so on from the cathode material, anode material, electrolyte, etc. were elaborated on how these factors affect the thermal safety of the battery; by Chil-Hoon Doh [3] proposed experiment in a safe (over charge and acupuncture), LiCoO2 / C system and battery thermal and electrochemical properties, which are mainly to illustrate by means of micro-battery safety. At the same time in [4-6] using finite element analysis, thermal simulation method for the battery as a whole, the battery pack to heat and other properties of an intuitive response to the thermal safety of the battery.

There is currently no overall study of spinel cathode materials for lithium batteries power the thermal safety reports. This article mainly through thermal imaging, security,PA3285U-1BRS performance, testing and other methods of quantitative single cell of the thermal safety of macro research.

Lithium-ion battery (2), light weight, than the energy of large, up to 150Wh/Kg

is a nickel-metal hydride batteries two times, four times the lead-acid batteries, Laptop Battery so the weight is the same one-third of the energy of lead-acid batteries to four one-, from this perspective, the resources of lithium consumed less, and because manganese lithium batteries used in the reserves are more elements, so the relative lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride batteries may be further price increases, but the cost of lithium-ion power battery is further reduced. Lithium-ion battery electric bicycle weighs 2.2-4 kg, lead-acid batteries for the 12-20 kg weight, lithium-lead-acid batteries power weight is about one-fourth to one-third lighter than lead-acid batteries is about 10 kg (36V, 10Ah batteries), battery weight by 70%, reduced vehicle weight of at least 20%. Coupled with a general summary paragraph lithium trams are electric bicycles, due to the battery and vehicle of light, the same voltage, same capacity, longer battery mileage, the average electric vehicles weighing more than 40 kilograms, while the lithium-ion battery electric bicycle weight In between 7-26 kg. President and the elderly can be easily moved, human riding is also very lightweight, sports and leisure have both.

(3), small size, high reach 400Wh / L, the volume is one-half to one third of lead-acid batteries. Provides a more rational structure and a more aesthetic appearance of the design conditions, PA3250U-1BRS design space and possibilities. At this stage because of lead-acid battery size, weight limits, designers have been greatly constrained the design ideas, leading to the present stage of electric bicycles in the structure and appearance to "1000 car side", identical similarity, monotonous uniformity. The use of lithium-ion battery, giving designers to showcase design ideas and design style, more room and conditions. Of course, also lead to electric bicycle lithium-ion battery sizes varied, is not conducive to the development of lithium-powered battery industry. Li-ion power battery industry is also urgent need to develop lithium-ion battery electric bicycle national standards, accelerate the field of lithium battery electric bicycle on the lead-acid battery replacement. Of course, the current lithium battery is the continuous development process of different materials, different processes the size of the battery are very different, how unified is also a difficult point.

Lithium-ion power battery charger (4) long cycle life, cycle times of up to 1000 times. In order to maintain the 60% of the total volume, battery charge and discharge cycles 100% up to 600 times more than the useful life of up to 3-5 years,PA3395U-1BRS the life expectancy of about two to three times the lead-acid batteries. Advent of technological innovations and equipment to improve the battery life will become longer, cost will be higher and higher.

(5) self-discharge rate is low, less than 5% per month.

(6) allows a wide operating temperature range, low-temperature performance, lithium-ion battery can be between -20 ℃ ~ +55 ℃, particularly suitable for low temperature use, while the aqueous batteries (such as lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries) at low temperatures , due to deterioration of the electrolyte mobility will lead to performance significantly reduced.

(7) No memory effect, so every time the former do not like the nickel-cadmium rechargeable batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, need to discharge, can be recharged anytime, anywhere. The battery charge and discharge depth, little impact on battery life can be full-filled the whole place, and we filled the whole cycle of testing is to put all the.

(8) especially suitable for motive power batteries, in addition to the high-voltage lithium-ion battery, the lithium-ion power batteries because of the protection board can be a single PA3399U-1BRS battery for each high-precision monitoring, low-power intelligent management, with improved over - charge, over discharge, temperature, over-current, short circuit protection, lock since the resumption of balance of features and reliable charging function, greatly extending the battery life. While other types of battery (such as lead-acid batteries) in the course of coherence due to the battery, charger and so on, is easy to produce the battery overcharge, over-discharge and other problems PA3084U-1BRS (due to cost and other reasons, lead-acid battery pack can not be right Every single battery monitoring and protection).